Food energizing Tuna provides tyrosine, needed for the synthesis of dopamine and norepinephrine, which are important for the state of alert (20). Sunflower seeds contain magnesium. Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral and the second most abundant intracellular divalent cation and it has been recognized as a cofactor for more than 300 metabolic reactions in the body. Some of the processes in which magnesium is a cofactor include, but are not limited to, protein synthesis, cellular energy production and storage, reproduction, DNA and RNA synthesis, and stabilizing mitochondrial membranes. Magnesium also plays a critical role in nerve transmission, cardiac excitability, neuromuscular conduction, muscular contraction, vasomotor tone, blood pressure, and glucose and insulin metabolism. Because of magnesium many functions within the body, play a major role in disease prevention and overall health. Low levels of magnesium have been associated with a number of chronic diseases including migraine headaches, Alzheimer’s disease, cerebrovascular accident (stroke), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Good food sources of magnesium include unrefined (whole) grains, spinach, nuts, legumes, and white potatoes (tubers) (29).
1. USE IN THE MIGRAINE
We know, because there are studies that show it, that migraine patients have a lower level of magnesium in their blood than the healthy population, and in addition these levels drop even more during migraine attacks. So it seems that magnesium levels may have something to do with these headaches and it is currently a subject under investigation.
According to a 2016 meta-analysis, published in the Pain Physician Journal, magnesium supplementation - oral and intravenous - reduces the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks, which is why the researchers point to it as a therapy to explore in the prevention of migraine and improvement of symptoms.
In 2017, another study confirmed it: 2 grams of intravenous magnesium reduced the intensity of migraine pain, more than the usual treatment with caffeine citrate. And according to a 2017 study published in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, the combined supplementation of coenzyme Q10, magnesium, and a class of chamomile (Tanacetum parthenium), works well in prevention and has no side effects.
In the Pediatric Emergency Headache Management Guide, published in 2016 in Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, it is stated that 1 g of magnesium sulfate is safe and effective against migraine and can be used during pregnancy as it is safe for the patient. fetus.
And the guide from the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society notes that magnesium therapy is "probably effective" in preventing migraine, but cautions that it should be used under medical supervision.
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2. IN OUR CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH
Although there is quite a lot of scientific literature linking magnesium intake and better cardiovascular health, a pertinent question can be asked: is this relationship to magnesium itself or that a diet rich in magnesium is necessarily also rich in healthy foods?
Would cardiovascular health be maintained with an unhealthy diet, based for example on pastries, pre-cooked meals and fast food, supplemented with magnesium? Probably not. Again we highlight how useless it is to focus on a single micronutrient, without paying attention to the complete eating pattern, which is usually the one that explains the benefits.
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3. COLORECTAL CANCER
Something similar occurs with colorectal cancer. It seems that the higher the intake, the less chance of cancer (at least up to 270 mg daily).
But if we stop to think, a diet richer in magnesium is also richer in fiber because of the foods it contains (green vegetables, whole grains ...), and that is directly related to a lower risk of colorectal cancer.
4. STRONG BONES
Magnesium has a crucial role in bone metabolism. By ingesting it together with calcium, it improves its absorption (that's why many supplements include both minerals in their formulation).
Magnesium has an inhibitory role to parathormone, which is the hormone that triggers bone breakdown to release calcium into the bloodstream. In addition to inhibiting bone resorption, magnesium stimulates bone creation and participates in vitamin D activity. Therefore, the role of magnesium in maintaining strong bones is indisputable.
For magnesium to perform all these vital functions for bone health, it is sufficient to cover the normal requirements with the diet.
But by itself it is not enough, because a series of conditions need to be combined:
Adequate intake of calcium, magnesium, vitamin D and K.
What is Magnesium?
Magnesium is a common light-weight metal known mostly for its use in aluminum alloys,
incendiary bombs, flares, sparklers and laxatives.
Why is it Important?
More than 325 enzymes regulating energy production, muscle strength, nerve cell function, healing,
immunity, blood sugar control, hormones and DNA require magnesium.
Without magnesium any or
all of these processes malfunction.
Can I be Deficient in Magnesium?
You bet. Most of us are deficient in magnesium to some degree.
If you are diabetic, have heart
disease, hypertension or a long list of common, chronic problems, you are magnesium deficient.
Conversely, if you are deficient you may develop those problems.
Don’t I get enough from food?
At the turn of 1900, a typical American diet provided 500 mg of magnesium per day.
Now it
provides about 212 milligrams per day, far below the RDA (recommended daily allowance) of 320
to 420 mg per day.
But wait, there’s more!
The RDA is calculated on 6mg/kg per day, so 420 is the estimate for a 154 (70 kg) pound male,
hardly the current average.
A 200 lb. male needs 540 mg per day.
And yet, the need can go much
higher as explained below.
It’s no wonder that 80% of Americans do not meet the RDA.
Through
time, we gradually become more and more magnesium deficient leading to many of the problems we
assume are just aging.
What Foods Contain Magnesium?
Magnesium is contained in wheat germ, wheat bran, whole grain oats, millet and barley, buckwheat,
mature lima beans, navy beans, kidney beans, green beans, soybeans, black-eyed peas, spinach,
Swiss chard, bananas, blackberries, dates, dried figs, mangoes, watermelons, almonds, Brazil nuts,
cashews, hazelnuts, shrimp and tuna.
Processed foods … sugar, white flour products, most things that come in a box or can have lost their
magnesium.
Paradoxically the phytates in bran and soybeans and the oxalates in spinach and chard
can bind with the magnesium to prevent absorption.
Why are we Deficient?
Life evolved in an ocean environment high in magnesium and potassium.
Our bodies didn’t need to
worry about holding onto enough magnesium.
Things have changed because …
We don’t eat enough magnesium
Industrial farming techniques deplete the soil of magnesium.
Modern food processing removes most of the magnesium from the food
… vegetable oils, white flour and sugar are completely devoid of magnesium
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P. Thomas Riley, MD July 2011
Cooking, especially boiling, removes magnesium
Magnesium is not a required on package nutritional labeling.
We don’t drink enough magnesium
Water treatment plants remove magnesium to “soften” water.
Fluoridation binds the remaining magnesium.
Most bottled waters are devoid of magnesium
We absorb less magnesium
These bind with magnesium preventing absorption
Phosphoric acid in sodas
Phosphates in processed meats
Phytic acid in wheat bran and soy products
Oxalic acid in greens
These block absorption
Calcium supplements (yes the ones you have been told to take)
Antacids and acid suppressing pills such as Nexium and Prilosec
We excrete too much magnesium in the urine if …
You eat sugar and salt or drink alcohol, coffee or tea
You are diabetic
You exercise and/or sweat
You are under stress
You are frequently exposed to loud noises
You take diuretics for your blood pressure
Doesn´t the Doctor Test for Magnesium Deficiency?
Most of the time no. Standard metabolic profiles test for potassium, sodium and chloride but not
magnesium.
When the doctor does order a magnesium blood test, it is a “serum” magnesium, that is,
it measures the amount of magnesium in the liquid of the blood, only 0.3% of the magnesium in your
body.
The other 99.7% is stored inside cells and not measured by this test.
The serum magnesium
level is a very poor measure of your total body magnesium supply, yet most doctors don’t know this.
Your body stores can be very deficient yet the serum magnesium level is normal. In other words,
only if your magnesium deficiency is very severe will your doctor diagnose it with a blood test.
Think about it. You were advised to take calcium supplements yet no one took a blood test.
Magnesium is no different.
Give me more details about what magnesium does
Magnesium is involved in all the following:
ATP is the primary energy compound in the body.
Without ATP, no energy, no life.
At the
heart of the ATP molecule is magnesium, providing the dynamic link that holds it together.
No
magnesium, no ATP, no energy.
It’s not hard to realize that deficiency will lead to muscle
weakness, decreased athletic performance and fatigue.
Magnesium regulates calcium movement into skeletal muscle cells. When calcium moves
into muscle cells, muscles contract. This need to be controlled to prevent too much of a good
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P. Thomas Riley, MD July 2011
thing.
Magnesium is that control.
Deficiency will lead to tics, twitches, spasms, cramps, restless
legs, muscle tension and pain.
It may lead to chronic headaches and backaches.
Magnesium regulates calcium movement into smooth muscle cells.
Smooth muscles are those
you have no control over such as your bowel muscles, the small muscles around the airways in
your lungs or small arteries.
Deficiency may lead to abdominal cramps, asthma, hypertension,
Raynaud’s (spasm of the finger arteries in cold weather), angina, overactive bladder and
menstrual cramps.
Magnesium regulates calcium movement into heart pacemaker cells.
Too much calcium in
these cells can lead to heart rhythm problems, extra beats, atrial fibrillation, palpitations, sudden
death in athletes and mitral valve prolapse.
Magnesium regulates calcium movement into nerve cells.
If too much calcium gets into the
cells, the nerves are too active leading to anxiety, depression, insomnia, irritability, tremors and
PMS.
Magnesium regulates calcium movement into other tissues preventing calcium deposits.
Magnesium activates Vitamin D and the enzyme that builds bone.
Without magnesium you
will get osteoporosis.
Magnesium works in the kidneys to prevent kidney stones.
Magnesium is necessary for protein production.
Magnesium is necessary for DNA and RNA production.
Magnesium is necessary for ear cell functioning.
A deficiency can lead to deafness.
Magnesium affects arteriosclerosis.
Magnesium controls the enzymes that produce good and
bad cholesterol, prevents blood clots and preserves the lining of your arteries.
Magnesium affects your blood sugar.
Deficiency leads to insulin resistance and diabetes.
Recap so far
You are at high risk of magnesium deficiency.
You become magnesium deficient slowly through time. Sometimes a little, sometimes a lot.
Deficiency has no single symptom.
Your symptoms will be varied, vague, ill-defined and almost
always ascribed to some other problem.
Your doctor won’t recognize your deficiency.
A serum magnesium blood test is worse than useless. It tells you nothing about your magnesium
body stores and may falsely lead you to believe you are fine.
Magnesium is a very safe supplement.
The only exceptions are relatively uncommon … severe
kidney disease, a very slow heart rate, myasthenia gravis or a bowel obstruction. That’s it. The
only significant side effect is loose stools if you take too much as one time.
Eat foods rich in magnesium.
Drink mineral water high in magnesium when you can.
Reduce your consumption of sugar, salt, alcohol, coffee and tea.
Take a daily magnesium supplement … more below.
If you have symptoms, it can take weeks to months to restore your magnesium supplies.
Magnesium
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P. Thomas Riley, MD July 2011
How Much Should I Take?
Shoot for a total of 600 to 900 milligrams per day including food, liquids and supplements. A good
basic supplement is 300 mg once or twice a day, perhaps more if you are very symptomatic. This
easily meets the recommended daily intake and provides extra for healing, repair and special needs.
Try not to take more than 300 mg at one time, spread your dose throughout the day to minimize
loose stools or diarrhea.
Where Can I get Magnesium?
You may find magnesium oxide over-the-counter very easily in any grocery store, drug store or
health food store. Go to the latter to find the better forms. Unlike potassium, you do not need a
prescription to buy magnesium.
Which form should I take?
Magnesium comes in many different forms. Some of these are:
Magnesium oxide - Common, cheap, poorly absorbed. Avoid this.
Magnesium chloride - Found in topical (applied to the skin) preparations.
Magnesium citrate - Affordable, good all-rounder, prevents kidney stones, constipation
Magnesium gluconate - Less likely to cause diarrhea
Magnesium glycinate - Less likely to cause diarrhea
Magnesium malate - Good for fibromyalgia, a chronic pain syndrome
Magnesium taurate - Good for heart disease and depression
Magnesium aspartate - Avoid this
Magnesium glutamate - Avoid this
Super Mag - Powdered combination of taurate, gluconate, carbonate and citrate
Isn’t Magnesium Citrate what I used before my colonoscopy!
Magnesium citrate can be used for the “bowel prep” prior to a colonoscopy. It’s all in the dose. A
daily supplement is 300 mg twice a day while a bowel prep uses 12,000 mg!!!
Is Magnesium Expensive?
In general, no. The oxide is the cheapest but also the least effective.
Don’t I Get Enough Magnesium in my Multivitamin?
Probably not. A standard Centrum has 50 mg of magnesium oxide while the Advanced Formula has
100 mg. The absorption rate for magnesium oxide is 4% so you are only getting 2 mg in the first and
4 mg in the latter, hardly worth it. The other minerals in Centrum aren’t any better. The magnesium
absorption rate for food and water is about 50% and the other versions about 30%. Good
multivitamins use magnesium citrate or similar.
What are the dangers of Magnesium?
Very few. People with bad kidneys on dialysis should not take magnesium or any other supplement
without the express approval of their doctor.
Taking too much magnesium at one time can cause
loose stools or diarrhea.
If you are a diabetic it might lower your blood sugar enough to reduce your
medication.
Same for hypertension.
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